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Bayonets in the streets (fülszöveg)

 

"The use of the Army and the National Guard within the United States is not a new phenomenon. Both have been employed on many occasions in the twentieth century in disaster relief, to which the Air Force has also made contributions. In such cases, when the armed forces of the United States have been used to help and succor citizens, there has been no outcry, and the coverage given these actions by the public media has been routine if not superficial.

"Concurrently, from time to time the Services have found themselves employed in the hapless task of curbing civil disturbances. In that role they have been prominently featured by newspapers, radio, and television—not always with sympathy."

Following the editor's lead in thus noting some of the problems involved in the employment of the military as a peacekeeping agency, the contributors—prominent practitioneers and theorists—cite historic precedent and assess current events in their discussions. They pose and examine such questions as the legality of troop deployment in the cities; the special training, if any, which should be given to the military in anticipation of riot control; the appropriate timing of such intervention. They note that experience seems to indicate that when trained, impersonal armed forces are called in before riots get out of hand, order is restored more quickly and with less damage to life and property. But they also point out the reluctance of civil authorities to admit defeat in dealing with disturbances, and the similar reluctance of the military to step in "even when they see the situation deteriorating to such an extent that their own task when eventually they are authorized to act will be much more difficult."

The essays include:
• FEDERAL USE OF MILITIA AND THE NATIONAL GUARD IN CIVIL DISTURBANCES: The Whiskey Rebellion to Little Rock
Robert W. Coakley
• ENFORCEMENT OF THE FEDERAL JUDICIAL PROCESS BY FEDERAL MARSHALS: A Comparison of Little Rock and Oxford
Paul J. Scheips
• THE NATIONAL GUARD IN CIVIL DISORDERS: Historical Precedents
Jim Dan Hill
• SUPER POLICE: The National Guard as a Law-Enforcement Agency in the Twentieth Century
Clarence C. Clendenen
•THE MARINE CORPS AND CROWD CONTROL: Training and Experience
James High
•THE AMERICAN LIBERAL TRADITION AND MILITARY AFFAIRS
Arthur A. Ekirch, Jr.
•THE ARMY IN CIVIL DISTURBANCES: A Professional Dilemma?
T. Alden Williams
• THE LESSONS OF DETROIT, SUMMER 1967
Charles P. Stone
•THE EMBRYONIC REVOLUTION: Perspectives on the 1967 Riots
Roger Beaumont

Civil disturbances promise to be with us for some time to come. The thoughtful analyses provided in this volume should prove valuable to civic and military planners as well as to responsible and concerned citizens.

 

Bayonets in the streets

 


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